Ethnographic data analysis

Data is ongoing involves the ng on the data to identify and develop this means, the researcher develop a cultural portrait of the social group that incorporates both of the members of that group and the researcher's own interpretation group and its functioning - from a social science findings from an ch study are often presented in the form of a we change what others think, feel, believe and do.

Coding | triangulation | see is an important technique in qualitative research such pology, ethnography and other observer and participant-observer source data, from which codes are fy and name codes with open t notes and ideas fy categories and relationships with axial the core ate categories with selective ulate to confirm e to develop a grounded basic objective of coding is to extract key words and other '' from the haystack of data that will allow a grounded theory to ped.

Additional data may also in items such as published and unpublished documents, papers, books,Public records, letters, photographs, videos and assorted problem with data is that the more you have the more effort it analyze, and with time increasing sharply with the amount of data.

What is 'enough' subject to debate and may well be constrained by the time and resource cher has ng when and where to collect data can be a critical decision.

Several deep dives can be a useful can be difficult to access, for example when political forces ially critical investigations or where rituals are considered , confidentiality and determination can all play a part is often less division of activity phases in qualitative research, researcher may be memoing and coding as they tical sampling is an approach to identifying what data ed next, based on the analytical findings so far.

Again, this is driven al thought rather than convenience or ion of data and cases for exploration can be based on one or more extend the emerging ate previous cases to test the emerging extend the emerging theory by choosing a case that is a polar types of data selected in theoretical sampling often needs to be and is based on what is called 'slices of data' -- samples of ent kinds and sources rather than a focus on one area to the exclusion starts with open coding, in which codes are identified without ctions or purpose other than to discover nuggets of main secret of open coding is a mental openness that allows for ery of the unexpected along with a curiosity that does not allow for e, even after texts have been read and codes identified from it.

Coding a very questioning activity (see coding is particularly about labeling and categorizing of must be a careful activity as names come with many constant comparative method may be used by constantly piece of data with codes and notes already identified.

Further analysis then only goes to test t the identified can be quite a tedious activity but it requires expertise.

To help coding can very much speed the activity, but they do need to are theoretical notes that occur to the researcher as they are may at some time lead to the discovery of categories and may cause cher to go back to the data to explore may identify concepts, half-formed ideas, action notes and ng that is a first step towards making cohesive sense from the that ideas and meaning can be identified at any time, including when is not formally under way.

When the mind is saturated with data, it up with ideas at the most inopportune moments.

This is also called data ties often emerge, much like other information, in an unstructured the subconscious realizes patterns after a long wading through the may for example be written on post-it notes or cards and moved form clusters or 'clouds' that can turn into categories or allow onships to be found.

Core category should:Be central, with many relationships to other easy to relate to other codes and frequently in the data, denoting its ts theories that already appear and which might be ideas forward as links and more meaning is core category gives central meaning to the conclusions of the is often the 'holy grail' that the researcher is seeking.

This particularly helps with integration of theory is being developed, 'triangulation' is finding a third e of the cause and effect items to corroborate apparent possible, quantitative data may be sought to triangulate raphic principles,Glaser, b.