Main objectives of teenage pregnancy

Increasing boys’ and girls’ intentions to avoid teenage pregnancy: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial of an interactive video drama-based intervention in post-primary schools in northern ireland. Increasing boys’ and girls’ intentions to avoid teenage pregnancy: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial of an interactive video drama-based intervention in post-primary schools in northern detailspublic health research, no. Chapter 1, research aims and version of this title (84m)disable glossary linksin this pageintroductionaims and objectivesethics approvalstudy protocol, participant letters of invitation, information leaflets, consent forms and data collection instrumentsprotocol amendmentsstakeholder representatives, international advisory group, trial steering group and details of meetingspublic and patient involvementother titles in this collectionpublic health researchrecent activityclearturn offturn onresearch aims and objectives - increasing boys’ and girls’ intentions to avoid t... Aims and objectives - increasing boys’ and girls’ intentions to avoid teenage pregnancy: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial of an interactive video drama-based intervention in post-primary schools in northern irelandyour browsing activity is ty recording is turned recording back onsee more... Aims to reduce teen pregnancy among ch aims to reduce teen pregnancy among teens would benefit from expanded sexual education programs in schools and increased flexibility in education beyond high school to prevent unplanned pregnancies, according to a report by social scientists at the population research center at the university of texas at report, funded by the texas department of state health services, aims to help policymakers better understand why latina teenagers are more likely to become pregnant compared with other texas teen opportunity project report [pdf] finds teens from all racial and ethnic groups prefer to wait to become parents until they have completed their education (including additional training beyond high school) and are in stable relationships. In addition, young latinas are more likely to face attitudes -- such as the belief that because pregnancy has more implications for women that they should be more responsible for using contraception -- that place them in positions of greater responsibility for preventing combat these obstacles, the researchers recommend:Providing alternatives to college such as vocational training and increasing opportunities to combine work and education so that teens can more easily complete their education before having children,Promoting equal responsibility for pregnancy and the use of contraception among males and females,Expanding sexual health education programs in schools,And fostering open communication between parents and teens regarding researchers also found that parents and young people of all races and ethnicities value school-based sexual education programs, but believe these programs should begin earlier and be more e teens understand the importance of completing their education and achieving stability before starting a family, the report suggests programs designed to prevent teen pregnancy should focus on providing youth with role models and in-depth information about sexual health rather than promoting ideals they already hold. While no one difference can explain the higher risk among this group, the findings as a whole suggest that young latinas face a number of important challenges to preventing a teen pregnancy," the report e of liberal ment of tion research data may amplify existing police surveillance research could help humans see what nature austin receives $2. Licensee: aosis is an open access article distributed under the terms of ve commons attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution,And reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly s contributing to teenage pregnancy in the capricorn district of the limpopo this original research... Adolescents may lack knowledge of access to conventional methods ting pregnancy, as they may be afraid to seek such information.

Objectives of teenage pregnancy

The study purpose was to identify factors contributing to teenage one village in the capricorn district of the limpopo province. Population consisted of all pregnant teenagers attending antenatal care during june 2007 at one clinic in the capricorn district of the limpopo province. Findings further revealed that 60% of the respondents started to engage in sex at 13–15 years; 48% of the teenagers’. The strategies focused on reproductive health services, male adult-teenager communication limpopo province is one of nine provinces of the republic of south africa and is situated in the far northern part of the country, its is polokwane. The study was the capricorn district which is central to the entire districts and it has urban, semi-urban and rural e the extensive attention given to adolescent sexuality and teenage pregnancy in the past 30 years, many teenagers were still nt (van eijk 2007). Teenage pregnancy has become a national epidemic, partly because more and more teenagers who give birth decide to raise their children. That teenage pregnancy is more common amongst young people who have been disadvantaged and have poor expectations of either ion or the job market. Premature sexual intercourse results in high rates of sexually transmitted diseases, hiv transmission, adolescent pregnancy ons (mkhwanazi 2006). Unprotected sexual intercourse can lead to an unwanted adolescent pregnancy which is often considered a serious social and public health ers have a high risk of unintended pregnancy (mestad et al.

Aims and objectives of teenage pregnancy

Richter and mlambo (2005) said teenage pregnancy appears to aged by lack of access to sex education. Some parents are reluctant to make sex education and contraceptives available to their teenagers,As they are afraid that their teenagers might interpret this as permission to engage in sexual activities. Morake (2011) revealed ers appear to be ignorant about issues such as puberty, pregnancy and contraception. Teenage pregnancy involves recognising the complexities surrounding teenagers’ attitudes and knowledge about the use ceptives (phipps et al. Knowledge on sexual and reproductive issues amongst teenagers in sekhukhune and waterberg districts o province is low morake (2011). There is also a lot of misinformation on sexual and reproductive issues that affect teenagers. The study by kaufman, de wet and stadler (2001) indicated that there was a slightly of knowledge about modern methods of contraception amongst teenagers. It implies that supplying adequate information about sexual behaviours and contraceptives to teenagers should be of paramount importance. 2007) outlines that even though a large number of teenage girls aged between 15–19 reported knowledge about methods of family planning,Contraceptive use is low.

Kaufman, de wet and stadler (2001) pointed out that amongst other barriers, clinic staff disapproves of teenagers ly active; ignorance about reproduction; misunderstanding by young people; and false assumptions and ignorance surrounding ers believe that pregnancy cannot result from the initial act of intercourse, but only by repeated sexual encounters. Teenagers are nded by sexual images and messages, which imply that sexual activity is the norm (mwaba 2000). High teenage pregnancy rates seem to exist capricorn district of the limpopo province and this was also mentioned by morake (2011) who indicated that statistics reflect that four out girls fall pregnant at least once before they reach the age of 20. This leads to the situation where it seems as is compulsory amongst teenagers without giving due consideration that they should reach maturity age before engaging in sexual is against this background that the study on factors that contribute to teenage pregnancies was conducted in one village of the ct in the limpopo purpose of this study was to identify factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy in one village of the capricorn district in the ce. The following research questions were used to guide the study:• which factors contribute to teenage pregnancy in one village of capricorn district in the limpopo province? Are there any pregnancy prevention strategies available within the community at this village of the capricorn district in limpopo province? Of the objectives and the specific aims of this study were to:• explore and describe the factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in the capricorn district of the limpopo province and• propose recommendations to strengthen pregnancy prevention strategies that are relevant to the needs of the community of this village capricorn district of the limpopo tion of er: a teenager is an individual in the transitional stage of development between childhood and full adulthood, representing the period during which a person is biologically adult but emotionally not fully matured (south african concise oxford dictionary 2005). In this study, er is a female person aged between 13–19 ncy: pregnancy is the state in which a foetus develops in the uterus of a woman of childbearing age, during the period from birth (south african concise oxford dictionary 2005). The context of this study, pregnancy refers to a period of gestation when a woman aged between 13–19 years has conceived an in her icance of is anticipated that the study would contribute to the prevention of teenage pregnancies.

The guidelines could be used in health care educate teenagers how to avoid unwanted ch method and design. This approach has been used to objective facts about factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy that could be statistically analysed and interpreted. In this study t was made to obtain information from pregnant teenagers and to identify human behaviour that contributes to teenage pregnancy in e in the capricorn district of the limpopo descriptive design was selected as it is concerned with gathering more information about the phenomenon studied. This research design le to obtain relevant information and to describe and identify factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy in one village in the ct of the limpopo province (brink 2006). And study population consisted of 103 pregnant teenagers attending antenatal care during the last weeks of june, july and august 2007 at in the capricorn district of the limpopo province. Sample consisted of 100 pregnant teenagers who satisfied the inclusion criteria, their ages ranging between 13–19 years and who picked. The questionnaires consisted of 23 questions that were divided parts namely, demographic data, factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy and sexual behaviour. The process was followed by the researchers to ensure authenticity of the tion instrument to collect data, which would achieve the objectives of this study and further facilitate understanding during completion questionnaires by the respondents. The researcher hand-delivered the questionnaires to those pregnant teenagers who consented to hout the time when the participants were completing the questionnaires, the researchers were present either to clarify misunderstanding answer any questions (de vos et al.

Each score was listed separately which the results were subdivided into classes, collection of scores and percentages of those scores which were grouped together, aphic data, factors leading to sexual encounters and factors that contributed to teenage pregnancy (brink 2006). The quality of the research was ensured by adhering to the highest possible standards of research tability and the ability to execute the research sion to sample the pregnant teenagers was obtained from the clinic supervisor and primary health care district manager. Of hundred (n = 100) pregnant teenagers (between 13 and 19) who were attending antenatal care at one clinic in the capricorn district of o province participated voluntarily in the study. 2004) who found that amongst teenage girls interviewed in south africa, 35% were teenagers aged 19 years of which 53% pregnancies had either been unplanned at 36% or unwanted at 17%. As a result of the first sexual intercourse – was experienced by teenagers between the age of 13 years and 16 -eight per cent (48%) of the respondents had partners who were 21 years and above; 43% had partners between 19–20 years and 9% rs between 16–18 years. The vast majority of teenagers became pregnant by partners who were older than they were. Mwaba (2000) disagreed, indicating that the older boys and their refusal to use condoms during sexual intercourse, were the main reasons for teenage -economic -four per cent (44%) of participants depended on their single mother’s income, others worked as domestic workers; 20% depended on ’s income and 12% depended on the income of both parents. It was evident from the study findings that most pregnant teenagers depended on a single mother’s eijk (2007) indicated that teenagers from lower income families are more likely to report having sexual intercourse regardless of the ure or race. It is further pointed out that teenagers from single parent family homes are more likely to report having sexual less of the income of the support of the study findings van eijk (2007) indicated that the widespread belief that young women are having children specifically so access a grant is unfounded because the teenagers in this study who were pregnant and were receiving a child support grant were few s contributing to teenage l factors are strongly associated with and contribute to the increased risk of an early pregnancy.

These factors include: lack of sex and how to use contraceptives; barriers to access contraceptives including negative attitudes of health staff; peer pressure; on; low self-esteem; low educational expectations; poverty; family breakdown; and heightened sex-based messages in the respondents in this study had knowledge about the use of contraceptives and other ways of preventing unwanted pregnancy apart from ence from sexual activity. Other reasons for ing the contraceptives were that teenagers were reluctant to take contraceptive precautions for fear of complications and ion, despite their knowledge about the importance of the use of those contraceptives (ritcher & mlambo 2005). The findings by mlambo (2005) outlined that teenage pregnancies resulted from lack of knowledge about contraception and many other misconceptions. 2000) teenage girls expressed a preference for receiving the injectable contraceptive and stated that condoms were not their birth of choice. Respondents further mentioned that teenage boys did not visit family planning clinics and were reluctant to use condoms as. The teenage boys refused to use condoms because they commented that sex with a s leading to sexual usage: the study findings pointed out that 96% of the respondents didn’t use drugs, 4% did smoke, and 92% didn’t l whereas 8% drank alcohol. In support of the study findings van eijk (2007) indicated that substance abuse was long recognised as one greatest health and social problems in south africa which resulted in teenage pregnancies because teenagers engaged in sexual t making calculated decisions due to the influence of alcohol. Additionally it was outlined that drinking became more common as moved through their teenage years rising to 45% amongst 15 year olds and this was proven to be a cause of teenage tions of the study results are limited to one village in the capricorn district and will not be generalised to all villages in the district. It ted that the same study be conducted in other villages in order to determine the factors which contribute to teenage pregnancies teenagers who attend the clinics for antenatal factors driving teenage pregnancy are complex and varied and therefore require multifaceted intervention strategies.

There is a wide variety gies aimed at preventing adolescent pregnancy including education programmes, family planning services, school-based health centres,Youth-friendly clinics and youth development programmes. The following pregnancy prevention strategies are recommended based on the results study:• develop more effective preventive measures for teenage pregnancy and have solutions that might prevent unplanned teenage pregnancy. Pregnancy prevention programmes with guidelines should be available and utilised appropriately in all areas where teenagers are found. Increase awareness and knowledge about and availability of emergency hormonal contraception; since this safe, effective and reliable post-coital contraception is paramount to tackle the unplanned pregnancy rates. Facilitate the establishment of adult-teenage communication programmes with guidelines to give adults information and communicate effectively with young people about reducing risky behaviour. Young men have information needs and anxieties about sex and increase in the number of teenage pregnancies is causing great concern and is becoming a critical issue. 2003, ‘low expectations, sexual attitudes and knowledge: explaining teenage pregnancy and fertility in english ts from qualitative research’, the sociological review 51, 199– adolescents in four countries in sub-saharan africa. 2006, ‘teenage pregnancy and gender identities in the making in a post apartheid south african township’, tation, department of anthropology, university of , a. 1995, ‘factors associated with adolescent pregnancy in rural nigeria’, journal of youth and adolescence 24(4),Phipps, m.

2005, ‘perceptions of rural teenagers on teenage pregnancy’, health sa gesondheid 10(2),61– african oxford school dictionary, 2007, oxford university press southern africa, cape africa, studies in family planning 32(2), 147– eijk, r. 2007, factors contributing to teenage pregnancies in rarotonga, united nations population fund (unfpa), up for article nt asked this article (login required).