What are philosophical assumptions
Any kind of work or study, we always bring a certain set of beliefs as well as philosophical assumptions. John creswell in his book “qualitative inquiry and research design” describes these assumptions and frames them into interpretive frameworks so we can understand their significance to our own research.
Before i get there i must first define in greater depth the problem i am trying to solve and have chosen to explore some of the theoretical methods or approaches to qualitative research to better guide my researchers undertake a qualitative study, they are in effect agreeing to its underlying philosophical assumptions, while bringing to the study their own world views that end up shaping the direction of their research. Creswell describes the following four philosophical assumptions:Ontological (the nature of reality): relates to the nature of reality and its characteristics.
Researchers embrace the idea of multiple realities and report on these multiple realities by exploring multiple forms of evidence from different individuals’ perspectives and mological (how researchers know what they know): researchers try to get as close as possible to participants being studied. The philosophical assumptions (ontology, epistemology, axiology, and methodology) are embedded within interpretive frameworks that researchers use.
I have summarized these in the table listing the approaches and practices for sitivismscientific, reductionism oriented, cause/effect, a priori theoriesinquiry in logically related steps; multiple perspectives from participants not single reality; rigorous data collection and analysis; use of computer constructivismthe understanding of the world in which we live and work, the development of multiple meanings, the researchers look for complexity of viewpointsresearchers ask broad general open-ended questions; focus on the 'processes' of interaction; focus on historical and cultural settings of participants; acknowledge their background shapes interpretation, 'interpret' the meanings others have about the dernism perspectivesknowledge claims in multiple perspectives such as race, gender, class and group affiliations; negative conditions revealed in presence of hierarchies, power, control, by individuals in the hierarchy and multiple meanings of language; different discourses; marginalized people that are important; meta-narratives or universals hold true of the social conditions; need to 'deconstruct' text to learn about hierarchies, oppositions and retive biography; narrative; grounded theory; tismfocuses on outcomes; 'what works' to address research problem; researchers freedom of choice of methods; many approaches to collecting & analyzing dataresearchers use multiple methods to answer questions; research is conducted that best addresses the research st theoriesfocus on women's diverse situations; subject matter focused on domination within patriarchal society; lens focused on gender; goals focused to establish collaborative relationships to place researcher within study - not objective, but need to examine researchers background to determine validity and trustworthiness of accounts; the need to report womens' voices without exploiting them; the need to use methods in self-disclosing & respectful al theoryfocus concerned with empowering people to transcend constraints placed on them by race, class, and power; interpret or illuminate social action; themes include scientific study of institutions and their transformation through interpreting meanings of social life; historical problems; domination, alienation, and social on changes in how people think - encourage interaction, networks for 'social theorizing'; focus on use of intensive case study or historically comparative cases; formation of formal models; use of 'ethnographic accounts' (interpretive social psychology). Race theoryto present stories of discrimination; eradicate racial subjugation while recognizing race is a social construct; interact race with other inequalities such as gender and ch places race and racism in the foreground of the research process; research looks for ways to explain experiences; research offers transformative theoryrelated to complexities of individual identity; explores how identities reproduce and perform in social forums; uses term 'queer theory' to allow incorporation of other social elements including race, class, age; holds binary distinctions are inadequate to describe sexual postmodern or poststructural orientation to deconstruct dominant theories related to identity; focuses on how identity is culturally linked to discourse and overlaps with human lity theoriesfocus on addressing inclusion in schools, encompassing administrators, teachers, parents of children with disabilities; focus on disability as a dimension of human difference rather than ch process views individuals with disabilities as different; questions asked, labels applied to these individuals, communication methods, and consideration of how data collected will benefit community considered; data reported in respectful order to carry out any kind of research that uses either part or all qualitative methods, it is important to consider the philosophical assumptions as well as the interpretive frameworks described here.
Carnaghan,Thank you for your synthesis about philosophical assumptions that are embedded in interpretive frameworks. Your explanations are exactly what i needed to get back in the doctoral saddle to complete my dissertation.
I have an elongated understanding regarding qualitative assumptions and framework haire itai sting staff on reserach philosophy! Carnagham, the explanation of the link between philosophical assumptions and interpretative frameworks was very helpful.
I would also recommend looking at other you please tell me something about philosophical thinking framework and its importance in writing an sir am struggling in differentiating between pragmatism and constructvism, which one goes with multiple realities and which one goes with a single reality? Code access ion over ting digital s learned using drupal’s domain access commentsian carnaghan on using () to retrieve sample json dataian carnaghan on using () to retrieve sample json databzzzzzz on cron queuing in drupal 8flash on using () to retrieve sample json datadrupal development environment in less than 10 minutes - ian carnaghan on scotch box vagrant lamp and press “enter” to video is queuequeuewatch next video is ophical assumptions and cribe from chrisflipp?
Burrell and morgan (1979) suggest that it is possible to classify philosophical assumptions underpinning different approaches to research into defined categories. First, ontological assumptions relate to whether the phenomenon under investigation is understood as being external to an individual or is a product of their consciousness (burrell and morgan, 1979).
Third, assumptions about human nature address the relationship between human beings and their environment and address whether human behaviour is a product of the environment or whether the environment is created by human behaviour. In essence, the philosophical assumptions are the modus operandi or paradigms that researchers use to gather, analyse and interpret data within their research.
Walsham (1995) argues that it is important for a researcher to define their philosophical position clearly as a means of reflecting on the basis, conduct and reporting of their work. He further suggests that there is a need to adopt multiple perspectives but to reflect periodically on their philosophical position when writing up their work.
Consequently, there is an acknowledgement that all observations (or measurement) are fallible and our ability to know meaning with certainty is critically questioned:Because all measurement is fallible, the critical realist emphasises the importance of multiple measures and observations, each of which may possess different types of error, and the need to use triangulation [triangulation is the means of using different sources of information to validate findings] across these multiple errorful sources to try to get the better bead on what’s happing in research methods (2013). Of the operational research societyjune 2003, volume 54, issue 6,Pp 559–570 | cite asa classification of the philosophical assumptions of management science methodsauthorsauthors and affiliationsj mingersemail authorgeneral paperfirst online: 09 june 2003received: 01 july 2001accepted: 01 may ctthis paper presents a framework within which to examine and compare the main philosophical assumptions underpinning management science methods.
It takes the position that they all have in common the basic mechanism of modelling, but that they differ in terms of what they model (ontology), how they model (epistemology), and why they model (axiology). In particular, it will assist users in understanding both the implicit or explicit assumptions underlying methods, and their principle aims and purposes, in order to be able to make more informed and critically aware choices when designing particular combinations in dscritical or/systems hard or/systems methodology multimethodology paradigm pluralism soft or/systems referencesflood r (1995).
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