Review of literature on hypertension

Utilitiesjournals in ncbi databasesmesh databasencbi handbookncbi help manualncbi news & blogpubmedpubmed central (pmc)pubmed clinical queriespubmed healthall literature resources... Toall how tochemicals & bioassaysdna & rnadata & softwaredomains & structuresgenes & expressiongenetics & medicinegenomes & mapshomologyliteratureproteinssequence analysistaxonomytraining & tutorialsvariationabout ncbi accesskeysmy ncbisign in to ncbisign : abstractformatsummarysummary (text)abstractabstract (text)medlinexmlpmid listapplysend tochoose destinationfileclipboardcollectionse-mailordermy bibliographycitation managerformatsummary (text)abstract (text)medlinexmlpmid listcsvcreate file1 selected item: 14632264formatsummarysummary (text)abstractabstract (text)medlinexmlpmid listmesh and other datae-mailsubjectadditional texte-maildidn't get the message? 2003 fall;13(4):ension in blacks: a literature mo1, giles information1emerging investigations and analytic methods branch, division of adult and community health, national center for chronic disease prevention and health promotion, centers for disease control and prevention, atlanta, georgia 30341, usa. Msa6@tracthypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke, the first and third-leading causes of death in the united states. This review discusses the magnitude of the problem, its epidemiology, and the evaluation and management of hypertension as recommended by the reports of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. Although substantial evidence indicates a significant increase in awareness of hypertension over the past three decades, control rates are remarkably low, particularly among blacks. This review serves to emphasize and reiterate the burden of hypertension among blacks and acts as a reminder of the need for additional research to determine if culturally competent interventions are appropriate to prevent, treat, and control this disease within this : 14632264 [indexed for medline] sharepublication types, mesh terms, grant supportpublication typesresearch support, u. Gov't, mesh termsadultafrican continental ancestry group/statistics & numerical data*awarenessfemalehumanshypertension/epidemiology*hypertension/ethnologyhypertension/prevention & controlmalemass screeningunited states/epidemiologygrant supportt15/15-ccd01-002/cc/odcdc cdc hhs/united stateslinkout - more resourcesother literature sourcescos scholar universemedicalhigh blood pressure - medlineplus health informationmiscellaneousnci cptac assay portalpubmed commons home.

Review of literature of hypertension

Commentshow to join pubmed commonshow to cite this comment:Ncbi > literature > american journal of microsite search american journal of ising and corporate -archiving american journal of mobile search history studies in hypertension research review of the literature. For other works by this author on:1center for clinical pharmacology, university of pittsburgh school of medicine, university of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, for other works by this author on:3department of epidemiology, graduate school of public health, university of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, for other works by this author on:1center for clinical pharmacology, university of pittsburgh school of medicine, university of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, for other works by this author on:Download citation file:© 2017 oxford university microsite search ed in the present article are over 150 family history studies of essential hypertension. By comparing normotensive individuals with and without a family history of hypertension, these investigations seek to identify potential pathophysiologic factors that predate the development of high blood pressure. The research literatures summarized here represent four general areas: 1) cellular salt transport mechanisms, 2) dietary sodium, intravascular volume, and renal function, 3) cardiovascular morphology and physiology, and 4) cardiovascular reactivity. In contrast, cardiac output, sodium consumption, intravascular volume, and cardiovascular responses to isometric exercise and standing do not differ in persons with and without a family history of hypertension. Other articles are characterized by inconsistent results, which may be a reflection of the heterogeneity of essential hypertension, but also may be due to methodological weaknesses. 1993 by the american journal of hypertension, an journal of hypertension, do not currently have access to this 't already have an oxford academic account? If you originally registered with a username please use that to sign in via your iption prices and history studies in hypertension research review of the literature - 24 hours article is also available through e article e activity e exclusive offers and updates from oxford ascular adaptations to exercise: protective effect of pgc-1 state of hypertension in sub-saharan africa: review and ventricular hypertrophy and coronary artery calcifications: a dangerous duet?

Impact of intradialytic pedaling exercise on arterial stiffness: a pilot randomized controlled trial in a hemodialysis fication of the optimal protocol for automated office blood pressure measurement among patients with treated american journal of end to your ising and corporate ls career issn ght © 2017 american journal of hypertension, our mailing rs & university press is a department of the university of oxford. Kb) close article support ing weight reduction and medications in treating mild hypertension: a systematic literature review. Studies have established the benefit of secondary prevention programs in ent of hypertension, with weight loss showing the most effective results.. Factor modification be tried initially, in most cases, of mild r, controversy remains over the appropriate initial therapy for hypertension. Diet modification compared to medications, as a first step approach to mild hypertension in the adult population. In conclusion, ts with mild hypertension can lower and maintain their blood pressure weight loss as monotherapy. This literature review is to examine the effect of weight reduction through modification compared to medications, as a first step approach to hypertension in an adult s indicate that one in four american adults have hypertension. In 1996, hypertension was the primary or contributing cause of death in 202,000 people in the united states.

According to the the sixth report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (jnc vi), improvements made in awareness, detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have declined. Since more than 50% of the geriatric population have some form of hypertension, this is an important public health issue. In addition to genetic and environmental factors (for example obesity, alcohol use, salt intake, occupation/stress level), pathophysiologic conditions predisposing to essential hypertension include salt sensitivity, low/high renin levels, adrenal defects, low calcium intake, cell membrane defects, and insulin ial hypertension is strongly associated with coronary artery disease. 5 hypertension treatment focuses on lifestyle modifications such as weight reduction, smoking cessation, limited alcohol intake, exercise, reduced sodium, reduced fat and cholesterol intake, and adequate magnesium, potassium, and calcium intake. Jnc vi encourage lifestyle modification as definitive therapy for individuals with high-normal and stage 1 hypertension in risk group a and risk group b, and as adjunctive therapy for all persons with hypertension. However, in the adult, depending on additional risk factors, some practitioners advocate pharmacological therapy with diuretics or beta-blockers instead of weight loss, as an initial treatment for mild hypertension. With hypertension are generally overweight, and although the mechanism is not fully understood, weight reduction is one of the most effective secondary interventions aimed at reducing blood pressure. 11 in addition, along with other interventions, most practitioners recommend weight reduction for treating all forms of hypertension in the adult patient.

12,13 however, controversy exists over the appropriate initial therapy for treating mild hypertension in the adult s with the following characteristics were included: 1) randomized clinical trials, published between 1992-1999 with male and female subjects older than 20 years and 2) at least 65 years old with newly diagnosed mild hypertension (sbp 140-159 and/or dbp 90-99). Computerized literature search was performed on medline, cumulative index to nursing and applied health literature, and the cochran collaboration in addition to cross-referencing, for all english language articles that fit the inclusion criteria. Search terms included “elderly and hypertension”, “counseling in hypertension”, “education in hypertension”, “hypertension”, and “weight loss in hypertension”. No attempt was made to statistically aggregate the current integrated review of literature examined four randomized clinical trial studies (see table 1). 15,16 the purpose of the taim study was to compare antihypertensive medications and diet modification in the treatment of mild hypertension. The three studies (from the taim study) in this review, used subsets of the population to examine outcomes such as blood pressure control, cardiovascular risk, quality of life, short and long-term results. Study was incorporated into the current review of literature because of the study’s comparison of weight reduction and medications (with a placebo) in addition to the other outcomes examined. Looked at diet in comparison to diuretics in treating mild to moderate hypertension in the four studies included male and female subjects between the ages of 21 and 80 years.

All participants had previously unknown mild to moderate hypertension (sbp 143-220 and dbp 90-110) and averaged 110%-160% above ideal body weight. 15antihypertensive medications, although effective at significantly reducing mild hypertension, were associated with increased cost and side effects. Who are proponents of drug therapy especially in combination with weight reduction, reported that the cost aspect of antihypertension medication versus weight reduction has not been established. According to the literature, the medication group followed by the weight loss group produced the greatest reduction in blood loss as monotherapy has been shown to be an effective treatment for patients with mild hypertension. 17patients with moderate or severe hypertension who are taking antihypertensive medications should also be placed on a weight loss program. Not only does weight loss lower blood pressure, but patients may require a lower dose of medication to control or maintain a normal blood literature review has direct application to the advanced practice nurse’s clinical practice. These studies reviewed provide research-based evidence for treating mild hypertensive patients with weight loss as monotherapy. However, in every patient with newly diagnosed mild hypertension, medications may not be required initially.

Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons: a randomized controlled trial of nonpharmacologic interventions in the elderly (tone). The trial of antihypertensive interventions and management (taim) study-adequate weight loss, alone and combined with drug therapy in the treatment of mild hypertension. Gaithersburg, md: aspen, 1999: your account on the social network facebook, to create a profile on ch paper ension literature ension literature ension literature reviews examine recent peer reviewed publications regarding the disease ture reviews for medical health research often focus on one particular condition or disease. Hypertension is a major concern world-wide and a literature review on high blood pressure and hypertension is an excellent topic for any nursing or medical ension is a chronic medical condition that leads to increased susceptibility to life-threatening diseases. Coronary heart disease and stroke, the number one and number two leading causes of death in the united states, are directly attributable to hypertension. As the incidence of heart disease and stroke begins to increase, finding viable methods for treating and curing the hypertension becomes can be effectively argued that hypertension is fast becoming a worldwide epidemic. Using criteria developed by the world health organization paper masters writers report that among south african men the incidence of hypertension had tripled in the past 5 years; for women the rate has almost doubled. Much analysis of statistical information regarding the proliferation of hypertension in the united states has been reported.

The sum total of this data tell us that in the united states:Hypertension affects 23 to 60 million imately 90 percent of all hypertensives have high blood pressure of unknown e the fact that rates of morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension decreased in the years between 1972 and 1992, evidence suggests that they are on the rise 1997, there were 79,102 new cases of end-stage renal disease reported; of which 25 percent are attributable to 1997 hypertension contributed to the deaths of 253,000 people, compared with 41,00 deaths from breast cancer. Precursory overview of salient literature concerning the use of stress management as a means to control hypertension shows a wide variation in the use of the technique. In spite of the fact that there is no evidence to support the hypothesis that stress management can prevent hypertension, there is considerable evidence that it can reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. It is true that science has afforded society different medications as a method of treatment for hypertension, the reality is that there are engendered problems with drug therapies; allergies, increased risk factors, non-compliance, etc. Because drug therapies are not always effective, researchers have begun looking more closely at hypertension and its root causes to determine, what if any, non-medicinal treatments can be effective for treating this an attempt to find alternative methods for treating hypertension, researchers have begun study the effects of a myriad of non-medicinal hypertension treatments: exercise, dietary changes and stress management. Although the results are not conclusive, preliminary research indicates that these non-drug approaches to controlling hypertension may be having an impact. The worldwide prevalence and increase in hypertension coupled with the inherent problems of traditional drug therapies makes the search for reliable, non-medicinal hypertension treatment relationship of stress to hypertension has a significant history. In addition it has been found that during long-term stimulation induced by stress, epinephrine and cortisone are both overproduced resulting in hypertension.

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