Term paper meaning in persian

Achaemenid persian empire was the largest that the ancient world had seen, extending from anatolia and egypt across western asia to northern india and central asia. The lydians of western anatolia under king croesus took advantage of the fall of media to push east and clashed with persian forces. The lydian army withdrew for the winter but the persians advanced to the lydian capital at sardis, which fell after a two-week siege. Persian forces defeated the babylonian army at the site of opis, east of the tigris.

It took the persians four years to crush the rebellion, although an attack against mainland greece was repulsed at marathon in 490 ’ son xerxes (r. Attempted to force the mainland greeks to acknowledge persian power, but sparta and athens refused to give way. However, the greeks won a victory against the persian navy in the straits of salamis in 479 b. However, the persian army he left behind was defeated by the greeks at the battle of plataea in 479 of our evidence for persian history is dependent on contemporary greek sources and later classical writers, whose main focus is the relations between persia and the greek states, as well as tales of persian court intrigues, moral decadence, and unrestrained luxury.

Although artaxerxes ii had the longest reign of all the persian kings, we know very little about him. Ultimately darius iii was murdered by one of his own generals, and alexander claimed the persian empire. However, the fact that alexander had to fight every inch of the way, taking every province by force, demonstrates the extraordinary solidarity of the persian empire and that, despite the repeated court intrigues, it was certainly not in a state of ment of ancient near eastern art, the metropolitan museum of , pierre. Tauris, terminating in the forepart of a fantastic leonine : two servants bearing food and unn timeline of art on the persian gulf war el vorwort o argumentative o argumentative essays a gift shop essay about @craicniallsnuts it's 12:51 am and neither do i :( my teacher did not tell us our essay was due today!

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Formerly known as the academy of iran (فرهنگستان ایران), it was founded on may 20, 1935 by the initiative of reza shah pahlavi, a former monarch of the academy acts as the official authority on the language, and contributes to linguistic research on persian and other languages of iran. Announcement of the academy about the name of the persian language in foreign first official attentions to the necessity of protecting the persian language against foreign words, and to the standardization of persian orthography, were under the reign of naser ed din shah of the qajar dynasty in 1871. Citation needed] after naser ed din shah, mozaffar ed din shah ordered the establishment of the first persian association in 1903. 1] this association officially declared that it used persian and arabic as acceptable sources for coining words.

Words coined by this association, such as rāh-āhan (راه‌آهن) for "railway", were printed in soltani newspaper; but the association was eventually closed due to inattention. First academy for the persian language was founded in may 20, 1935, under the name academy of iran. It was established by the initiative of reza shah, and mainly by hekmat e shirazi and mohammad ali foroughi, all prominent names in the nationalist movement of the si, in fact, was a motivation behind reza shah's decision to remove the arabic and french loanwords from persian, replacing them with persian equivalents. In 1934, reza shah ordered to rebuild ferdowsi's tomb and set up a country-wide ceremony in honor of a thousand years of persian literature since the time of ferdowsi, titled ferdowsi millenary celebration, inviting notable iranian and foreign members of the academy included a number of notable literary figures and highly-celebrated scholars upon its foundation,[3] including abbas eqbal ashtiani, mohammad-taqi bahar, ali-akbar dehkhoda, mohammad ali foroughi, badiozzaman forouzanfar, homayun forouzanfar, qasem ghani, abdolazim gharib, mohammad ghazvini, mohammad hejazi, ali-asghar hekmat, mahmoud hessabi, mohammad-ali jamalzadeh, ahmad matin-daftari, saeed nafisi, ebrahim pourdavoud, isa sadiq, zabihollah safa, ali akbar siassi, and rashid foreign scholars were also involved, such as arthur christensen (from denmark), muhammad husayn haykal (from egypt), abduqodir maniyozov (from tajikistan), henry masset (from france), raf'at pasha (from egypt), jan rypka (from czechoslovakia), dodikhudo saymiddinov (from tajikistan), and muhammadjon shakuri (from tajikistan).

During the 1930s and 1940s, the academy led massive campaigns to replace the many arabic, french, and greek loanwords whose immense use in persian during the centuries preceding the foundation of the pahlavi dynasty had created a literary language considerably different from the spoken persian of the academy strives to protect the integrity of the persian language. It heads the academic efforts for linguistic research on the persian language and its sister iranian languages. It has also created an official orthography of attention of the academy has also been towards the persistent infiltration of persian, like many other languages, with foreign words, as a result of the globalization process. If no equivalents exist, it has the task of linguistically deriving such words from existing persian roots, and actively promoting the adoption of these new coinages in the daily lives.

Mohit cement of the academy about the name of the persian language in foreign languages[edit]. November 19, 2005, the academy of the persian language and literature delivered a pronouncement on the name of the persian language, rejecting any use of the word farsi (instead of english persian, german persisch, spanish persa, french persan, etc. In foreign announcement reads:Persian has been used in a variety of publications including cultural, scientific, and diplomatic documents for centuries and, therefore, it carries a very significant historical and cultural meaning. Hence, changing persian to farsi would negate this established important ng the usage from persian to farsi may give the impression that "farsi" is a new language, although this may well be the intention of some users of ng the usage may also give the impression that "farsi" is a dialect used in some parts of iran rather than the predominant (and official) language of the word farsi has never been used in any research paper or university document in any western language, and the proposal to begin using it would create doubt and ambiguity about the name of the official language of ting this announcement, gradually other institutions and literary figures separately took similar actions throughout the world.

1 (1): : 0000 0001 2231 ries: 1935 establishments in iranorganizations established in 1935cultural organisations based in iranlanguage regulatorspersian languagepersian literatureeducation in irannational academieshidden categories: cs1 persian-language sources (fa)articles containing persian-language textall articles with unsourced statementsarticles with unsourced statements from october 2014articles with unsourced statements from july 2013wikipedia articles with viaf identifierswikipedia articles with isni logged intalkcontributionscreate accountlog pagecontentsfeatured contentcurrent eventsrandom articledonate to wikipediawikipedia out wikipediacommunity portalrecent changescontact links hererelated changesupload filespecial pagespermanent linkpage informationwikidata itemcite this a bookdownload as pdfprintable version. A non-profit y of persian language and wikipedia, the free to: navigation, y of persian language and  20, 1935; 82 years ago (1935-05-20).