Compulsive shopping opinion essay
However, some person’s compulsive shopping disorder effects their daily who shop until then cannot shop any more, and run their credit cards up to the max often have a shopping addiction. Compulsive shopping is similar to other addictive behaviors and has some characteristics of alcoholism, gambling, and overeating sive shopping can come about yearly, during the holiday season, to help soothe depression, anxieties and loneliness they might feel during that time. Shopping will not make someone love you more, help your self-esteem or the problems that might occur in daily living. Compulsive shopping usually makes these feelings worse because of the increased debt the person has gained due to sive buyers usually start shopping when they are feeling down and looking for a “pick me up. Holiday season usually help trigger shopping binges for people who are not compulsive shoppers the rest of the year. Many shopping addicts go on shopping binges all year long and may be compulsive about certain items, such as shoes, clothing, or kitchen items; some will just buy anything. Sometimes they even try to take on an extra job to help pay the can prevent shopping binges by paying for purchases by check or cash, or making a shopping list and only buying what is on the to cite this phenomenon of compulsive buyers essay example. Literature review “when the going gets tough, the tough goes shopping,” this statement may not be a familiar statement for many persons however this statement is aimed at making light the situation of compulsive buying. This phenomenon however is a serious one, compulsive and impulsive buying are described to be two of the most persistent phenomenon of the consumer lifestyle (shahjehnan et al. According to the american journal of psychiatry, compulsive buying is the uncontrolled urge to buy, resulting in adverse consequences.... In the lockhorn comic strip husband leroy often laments about his wife loretta’s cooking, looks, and excessive shopping. Many can joke about their love of shopping but for some it is a serious problem.
Others feel that the idea of shopping as a disorder or addiction is a ruse of the medical establishment or pharmaceutical companies to boost sales and create a diagnosable problem.... The goals of this study were to explore significance compulsive buying for gender and relationship with age. Furthermore to determine the effect of factors (tendency to spend, drives to spend compulsively, feeling about shopping and spending, dysfunctional spending and post purchase guilt. Millions of americans have addictions to drugs, alcohol, nicotine, and even to behaviors such as compulsive gambling and shopping. Obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) is a mental disorder with episodes of recurring and persistent thoughts and compulsive behaviors that interfere with a person's daily life. These obsessive thoughts often cause the patient extreme fear and anxiety, and the compulsive, repetitive behaviors are performed to alleviate the distress and anxiety. It’s not about you, shopping, buying bags, shoes, and clothes all you want because you’re rich. Our culture along with many others has been consumed with the ease and pleasure of shopping, gaming, and social networking through online portals to the point that it has become an overwhelming problem for some people. I decided not to attend the rest of my classes for the day and instead do what i usually do when i need to forget about my troubles and just escape into my own world where everything is perfect; go shopping.... You can also prevent binges by window-shopping after the stores have closed, so there will be no urge to purchase the item. If your feelings about shopping do not submerse themselves by trying to tame them, then is it a good idea to seek counseling or a support marketing sive buying was originally defined by o'guinn and faber (1989:155) as “chronic, repetitive purchasing that becomes a primary response to negative events or feelings”. Thus, compulsive buying can be categorised as a negative facet of consumer behaviour which becomes very difficult to control and eventually leads to unfavourable economic, psychological and societal consequences.
Their prime focus has been on the following areas of research: compulsive buying as a part of compulsive consumption (hassay and smith, 1996; o'guinn and faber, 1989); the difference between a compulsive buyer and an impulse buyer (o'guinn and faber, 1989; shoham and brencic, 2003), the personality traits of a compulsive buyer (o'guinn and faber, 1989; hassay and smith, 1996; shoham and brencic, 2003); compulsive buying tendencies in adolescent consumers (d'astous, maltais and roberge, 1990); the motivational factors which affects the buying decisions of a compulsive buyer (o'guinn and faber, 1989; hassay and smith, 1996; d'astous, maltais and roberge, 1990). Are two key reasons for the increasing importance of researching the subject area of compulsive buying. Compulsive buying being one of them needs to be understood and it is in the interest of the society that it be researched further for the betterment of those suffering from this disorder. O'guinn and faber, 1989) secondly, compulsive buying brings out the negative aspect of consumer behaviour which has not yet been researched in much detail. Guinn & faber (1989:148) defined compulsive consumption as “a response to an uncontrollable drive or desire to obtain, use or experience a feeling, substance or activity that leads an individual to repetitively engage in a behaviour that will ultimately cause harm to the individual and/or others. Research has been carried out to provide a phenomenological description to determine whether compulsive buying is a part of compulsive consumption or not. The conclusion reached after analysing both qualitative and quantitative data stated that compulsive buying resembles many other compulsive consumption behaviours like compulsive gambling, kleptomania and eating disorders (o' guinn & faber, 1989:147). Hassay & smith (1996) hold a similar view and refer to compulsive buying as a form of compulsive consumption as well. Besides personality traits, motivational factors also play a significant role in determining the similarities between compulsive buyers and normal consumers. According to o'guinn & faber (1989:150), if compulsive buying is similar to other compulsive behaviours it should be motivated by “alleviation of anxiety or tension through changes in arousal level or enhanced self-esteem, rather than the desire for material acquisition. Hassay & smith (1996) also agree with the above inference and concluded from their research that “compulsive buying is motivated by acquisition rather than accumulation. Buying v/s compulsive aphic characteristics of a compulsive d research has been carried out to analyze the demographic characteristics of compulsive behaviour.
However, a major dimension of the research undertaken by shoham and brencic (2003) studied the gender of the compulsive buyer and tried to prove through their research that females exhibit lower levels of compulsive purchasing tendencies than males. The research by d' astous, maltais and roberge (1990) concentrates on the adolescents' compulsive buying tendencies and proves that they are mainly influenced by many personal and environmental factors. Mixture of methods have been used to examine compulsive behaviour and its aspects depending on the final objective of the study. The quantitative data included information gathered via a mail survey to compare the responses of compulsive buyers with that of other shoppers. They utilized a 14 item compulsive buying scale which was originally used by o'guinn and faber (1989) to measure the compulsive buying trait. Further on they carried out the ancova model to test the hypothesised my opinion a mixed method approach, used by o'guinn and faber (1989) as well as by d'astous, maltais and roberge (1990) can best explain the phenomenon of compulsive buying. This approach can facilitate comparison between normal buyers and compulsive buyers through the questionnaire while at the same time the qualitative aspect allows the researcher to understand in detail the characteristic traits of a compulsive solely quantitative technique applied by shoham and brencic (2003) and hassay and smith (1996) though was adequate to offer evidence to support or reject a hypothesis formed by the researchers on the basis of the study of previous literature but there was no in-depth understanding of the concept which is possible with a qualitative approach. Guinn and faber (1989) established from their research that there was a high chance of compulsivity to be a personality dimension of compulsive buying and as a result proved that compulsive buying is a form of compulsive consumption. They also found that compulsive buyers suffer from considerably low self-esteem and have high ability to fantasize, which allow them to escape reality (evans, jamal and foxall, 2009:438). They showed less concern with the acquisition of the products as a motive, than the members of the general population thus validating the distinction between compulsive and impulsive buying. Compulsive buying can also lead to harmful consequences for the individual and the support group around them. Hassay and smith (1996) maintained that the basic incentive behind compulsive buying is acquisition rather than accumulation of the products by proving that compulsive buyers were more likely to return items and exhibited higher preference for in-store purchases rather than non- store purchases.
In contrast to the personality attributes of compulsive buyers already explored, shoham and brencic (2003:133) incorporated the behavioural and demographic drivers of compulsivity in their research. Positive links were found between unplanned purchases and compulsive buying behaviour thus proving that impulsive and spontaneous buyers were more likely to develop compulsive buying traits than other consumers. The researchers also found that gender played a significant role in determining compulsivity and established that females were more prone to display compulsive tendencies as compared to men. According to the study carried out by d'astous, maltais and roberge (1990), the personal and environmental factors influencing adolescents' compulsive buying tendencies are consistent with prior studies involving adult consumers. However, it was found that adolescents are less likely to engage in socially desirable consumer behaviours and are thus more vulnerable towards compulsive ing to o'guinn and faber (1989), physiological, genetic, psychological, social and cultural factors contribute towards the development of compulsive behaviour (evans, jamal and foxall, 2009:438). Compulsive buyers generally experience low self-esteem, high compulsivity and extreme fantasy-imaginative levels (o‘guinn and faber, 1989). Shoham and brencic, 2003:133) according to the research conducted by o'guinn and faber (1989) the compulsive buyers didn't exhibit any sort of possessiveness towards the items purchased but showed signs of envy and non-generosity. In contrast to the above, d' astous, maltais and roberge (1990:311) observed that in adolescents, generosity is positively related to the tendency to buy compulsively. The essential motive behind compulsive buying isn't the desire to accumulate the products but instead, is the positive interpersonal interaction and enhanced self perception that stimulate a compulsive buyer's decisions (o'guinn and faber, 1989). Are a few drawbacks of the literature available on compulsive buying, which need to be mentioned. Firstly, the literature reviewed is predominantly based on compulsive buying in the usa or in israel. Thus, we cannot generalize this information about compulsive buying as the buying behaviours, processes and the lifestyle of individuals may differ across geographical borders.
Secondly, even though o'guinn and faber (1989:156) mention severe levels of debt, depression and domestic discord as consequences of compulsive buying, yet there is no in-depth study which provides a better understanding of this facet. Thirdly, although the demographics of a compulsive buyer have been looked into, there are no actual results which can help create the demographic profile of a compulsive buyer. In my opinion, qualitative methods can give a superior analysis of compulsive buying and thus should be given, if not higher but similar importance as quantitative procedures while researching the sive buying is an important yet growing concept, the study of which has been increasing in recent times. The research needs to explore more than just the american consumers to get a wider picture of compulsive buying behaviour (shoham and brencic, 2003). The similarities and differences between compulsive buying and types of compulsive consumption can be explained better with the help of a comparative study between the two (o'guinn and faber, 1989). Another significant facet which needs to be given importance is the consequences that may arise from compulsive buying. Since compulsive buying brings out the negative side of consumer behaviour it thus requires a great deal of research. This will not just develop the concept further but also spread awareness of the phenomenon as it is important to reduce the spread of compulsive buying owing to its aberrational and harmful nature in terms of consumer what you're looking for? This essay isn't quite what you're looking for, why not order your own custom marketing essay, dissertation or piece of coursework that answers your exact question? Each of us is qualified to a high level in our area of expertise, and we can write you a fully researched, fully referenced complete original answer to your essay complete our simple order form and you could have your customised marketing work in your email box, in as little as 3 senior lecturer in economics, essay uk researcher marketing essay was submitted to us by a student in order to help you with your no ratings yet! Page has approximately you use part of this page in your own work, you need to provide a citation, as follows:Essay uk, compulsive buying. Benson, a psychotherapist who culled and edited the essays for “i shop therefore i am: compulsive buying and the search for self” (jason aronson, 2000).
Benson’s new stopping overshopping self-help kit, which includes a workbook, cd and shopping diary for organizing one’s thoughts when the urge to shop strikes. Benson’s interest in shopping is both personal and she and her husband, jim, a lawyer who reverse-commutes to new jersey, were looking for family-size apartments 20 years ago, one of the selling points of this three-bedroom co-op on riverside drive with seven windows facing the hudson was that it was two blocks from her favorite boutique, which had become a mainstay of her life. During her childhood on long island, shopping trips with her mother had been power struggles, and dr. Three-bedroom co-op has several murals by different marshall mantel for the new york relationship with charivari led her to create a workshop called “when shopping heals,” because “shopping can be a real source of self-definition,” she said. As she began to study the scholarly literature on shopping, she realized that it was women who found shopping too easy who needed help. Shopping and dieting are the two main ways that contemporary women handle the ups and downs of life,” said dr. Article is written like a personal reflection or opinion essay that states a wikipedia editor's personal feelings about a topic. It is a concept similar to "compulsive buying disorder" and "oniomania", although these terms usually have a more clinical approach, related to a psychological individual disorder of impulse control. This is about the uncontrolled and excessive draw to use shopping as a leisure activity, usually in an exclusive and overwhelming way. While activities such as window-shopping, visiting shops or spending time in commercial centres is a common and socially accepted desire activity, an addict is differentiated as one in whom this excessive attraction to purchase interferes with the normal development of life and damages their relationships with others, becoming an obsessive and uncontrolled activity. Malls become places to stay and ramble, show the use of shopping as a leisure gh shopping addiction and compulsive purchase are conceptually different, they are interrelated and both are manifestations of the same problem: the lack of self-control when buying and to restrain impulses. Shopping addiction is understood as the eagerness for constantly making new purchases of unnecessary or superfluous things.
The concept of compulsive purchase is related to the psychological process which causes many people not to be able to control their impulses[4] and wishes of buying, and subjects them to reflexion and evaluation before purchasing. Addicts may feel pleasure or relief when they give in to the shopping wish, but regret it afterwards. In cases of people with severe problems of shopping addiction, this remorse can lead to very deep feelings of blame and discomfort. Rate of people who have problems of shopping addiction is a very controversial matter, because the dividing line between pathological behaviours and those behaviours which, even if excessive, are socially accepted, is very difficult to determine. However, shopping addiction and other manifestations of the lack of self-control on spending are widespread problems which are constantly expanding. 8] according to the european report on the programme for the prevention and treatment of personal problems related to consumer addiction, personal purchasing habits and over-indebtedness, 3% of european adults and 8% of european young people have a level of shopping addiction which could be considered as pathologic, that is, which seriously affects the life of the people who suffer from this. 9] other estimates for the prevalence of compulsive buying range from a low of 2 percent to 12 percent or more (in the u. In addition to the severe cases of shopping addiction, an important part of consumers (between 30% and 50% of the population) have deficiencies with spending self-control or excessive purchases. According to the european report, 33% of european adults and 46% of the european young people have minor or moderate problems with shopping addiction or lack of economic self-control. Relationship of shopping addiction with other psychological disorders – especially with those regarding depression or anxiety - has been studied. This addiction has also been related with low self-esteem and with personality features such as impulsivity, materialism and sion problems are the most frequent consequence in the most serious cases of shopping addiction. This is due to the fact that many consumers use shopping as a means to compensate or to face depressive states.
Edwards (1992) in a research to study the influence of some personal variables in two groups, one of shopping addicts and another of non-addict consumers, came to the conclusion that depression is a trigger for shopping addiction problems. Citation needed] in agreement with this data, other researchers have pointed out the high incidence rate of depressive disorders among shopping addicts: (1994) placed at 25% the rate of addicts with depressive problems, lejoyeux (1998) at 61%, and black, montaban and gabel (1997) at 60%. 12] more recent research shows that shopping addicts usually have feelings of leading an unsatisfactory and listless life, without any hope or excitement. 1995) carried out research with a sample of 420 people and come to the conclusion that anxiety has an essential role in shopping addiction, as an antecedent or a triggering factor. Citation needed] in another study, valence (1988) revealed that as the level of anxiety rises, the possibility of developing shopping addiction grows. Citation needed] clinical research on the rate incidence of anxiety disorders in shopping addition also shows this relationship, although the percentage changes a lot: shlosser (1994) 42%; mcelroy (1994) 80%, and christenson (1994) 50%. Citation needed] research carried out by garcés and salcedo in 2005, based on a sample of 253 young people,[14] concluded that the anxiety trait has a significant influence on shopping addiction but, by itself, is not tion differences[edit]. Higher rate of incidence of shopping addiction in women was pointed out in the first research works on the subject, so much so that it was considered a “women problem”. Citation needed] some researchers thought that this was a specifically female manifestation of problems of depression or obsessive-compulsive disorders. Since shopping is for many women one of their most usual activities, as obligation or as entertainment, it easily becomes an important mechanism of escape, facing other problems and ending up being an addiction. 16] another possible cause is that the most striking cases of shopping excesses are usually related to clothes, shoes, cosmetics and accessories, products which relate to physical appearance and are more frequently bought by women. The 1999 european report established that women are drawn by activities like going shopping or window shopping, spending time in malls, escorting other people shopping.
Citation needed] moreover, they more frequently use shopping as a means of facing states of sadness, depression or downheartedness. To explain the higher incidence of shopping addiction in young people, it has been shown [20] that younger people have been born, and have grown up, in an increasingly consumerist society and they have endured the impact of publicity and marketing from birth. On the contrary, it is very unusual to find shopping addiction problems in people older than 65 years. Approach: since ancient times, cases of people who bought in an uncontrolled way have been described, but the first relevant references to shopping addiction appear in the beginning of the twentieth century with kraepelin and bleuler. 21] they analysed cases of people, usually women, who were not able to control their excess of purchasing and they considered this behaviour to be a symptom of other psychological diseases: depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, problems with control of impulses, etc. Shopping addiction was considered an individual disorder of impulse control or obsessive compulsive disorder, and its higher incidence rate in women and its relations with depression problems were emphasised. Approach : since the 1980s a significant increase in the number of people with important problems of lack of control in shopping and spending has been established. A model taking this approach was one by javier garcés and alejandro saucedo,[23] who regard shopping addiction as "the tip of the iceberg” that is, the most intense manifestation of a general problem which affects, to a greater or lesser extent, a great deal of the population. 24] the behaviour differences between the average consumer and the shopping addict are more quantitative than qualitative. Advertising and commercial influences, which cause in some people serious problems of shopping addiction or excessive indebtedness, also contribute to excessive consumer behaviour in many others. Another model is the one defended by helga ditmar, which could be classified as a mixed model, since she considers that shopping addiction problems are caused by the conjunction of two factors: a high level of materialism and a high discrepancy between the real self-concept (how the person sees themselves) and the ideal self-concept (how the person wishes to see themselves). Addiction as a drug-free addiction or as a social addiction: in this theoretical perspective, not incompatible with the previous approaches, shopping addiction is usually included among the so-called “drug-free addictions”, such as addiction to gambling and, specifically, within a number of addictions grouped together as social addictions such as the addiction to internet, video-games or mobile-phones.
Shopping addiction generally manifests between 20–30 years old,[5] but is not usually detected until several years after, when the addiction has led the person to ruin and are usually two stages in coping with the problem. The diagnosis and evaluation of shopping addiction is based on the analysis of confirmed behaviours and their consequences. These specific questionnaires or tests are useful in the diagnosis and evaluation of shopping addiction problems, and to drive the therapies in a proper way. Inclusion of this problem in the obsessive-compulsive disorders and its relation with depression has led to some use of antidepressants as a treatment. This substance is supposed to be related to deficiencies in stimulus control, so that medicines like fluoxetine and fluvoxamine, which raise the level of serotonin in the brain, would be a pharmacological alternative to treat shopping addiction. Treatment of shopping addiction – in contrast to other addictions as the gambling, alcohol or smoking - cannot seek to permanently remove the addicts from the behaviour. 22] especially stimuli control and exposure and response the treatment of shopping addiction it is often very useful for other people – usually friends, relatives or educators -to help addicts control their expenses and impulsive purchases. This can range from a simple personal accountability of income and expenses, in the cases of minor economic lack of control, to a detailed diary of purchase, events and feelings, in the more serious cases of shopping addiction. A b c d "compulsive shopping: when spending begins to consume the consumer: evidence-based reviews". A new look at “compulsive buying”: self–discrepancies and materialistic values as predictors of compulsive buying tendency. W black, a review of compulsive buying disorder official journal of the world psychiatric association (wpa) world psychiatry. 2007 feb; 6(1): 14–és prieto, javier, "self-help and information manual: addiction to shopping:self-control and responsibility in shopping and spending" european interregional institute for consumer affairs.
Coombs, robert addictive disorders: a practical guide to diagnosis and y powell "shopping addiction: a cure for compulsive shopping and spending" (english).
