Research paper about abortion abstract
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Argumentative research paper about abortion
A brief outline of current research; relevance of the term paper topic; the research process. The first part of the paper is an introduction to the issue of abortion, presenting relevant background and moral dilemmas. The following article provides you with helpful guidelines on how to find checked research papers on the tips below to get the best sample. Writing a research paper on abortion is quite a delicate matter, because this topic is extremely controversial and one has to collect enough reliable information to. Essays, paper topic in section dialectical essay examples immigration, abortion essay is good research paper on. An overview of abortion abortion refers to the termination of a pregnancy by removing or expelling the fetus or embryo from the uterus before it is ready for. Professional will share with you 10 vital facts on abortion you can mention in your research paper to make it sound more scientific and thoughtful.
Research paper about teenage abortion
Argumentative essays against abortion persuasive essay on abortion pro life argumentative essay on abortion should be legal ns of students use us for homework, research and inspiration. College continuing to browse this site you agree to us using cookies as described in about cookies remove maintenance message to old article view ctabortion is a common and essential reproductive healthcare procedure experienced by approximately one third of women at some time in their life. Abortion is also commonly politicised and presented in public discourse as inherently contentious or controversial. However, recent sociological research on women's experiences of abortion is relatively thin on the ground. The body of qualitative research on abortion experiences, which does exist, varies in scope and focus on a relatively limited range of themes. Building on an earlier review of qualitative research on women's abortion experiences, this paper explores the recent literature and identifies three key thematic areas: the context of abortion; reasons and decision‐making; and abortion stigma. It then goes on to identify gaps in the literature, to explore what shape a sociology of women's abortion experiences might take and to suggest future directions for sociological research.
Kb) close article support have accessrestricted on and mental health: quantitative synthesis and analysis of research published 1995– british journal of psychiatry aug 2011, 199 (3) 180-186; doi: 10. Efigures & datainfo & metricseletters ation of ound given the methodological limitations of recently published qualitative reviews of abortion and mental health, a quantitative synthesis was deemed necessary to represent more accurately the published literature and to provide clarity to to measure the association between abortion and indicators of adverse mental health, with subgroup effects calculated based on comparison groups (no abortion, unintended pregnancy delivered, pregnancy delivered) and particular outcomes. A secondary objective was to calculate population-attributable risk (par) statistics for each after the application of methodologically based selection criteria and extraction rules to minimise bias, the sample comprised 22 studies, 36 measures of effect and 877 181 participants (163 831 experienced an abortion). Random effects pooled odds ratios were computed using adjusted odds ratios from the original studies and par statistics were derived from the pooled odds s women who had undergone an abortion experienced an 81% increased risk of mental health problems, and nearly 10% of the incidence of mental health problems was shown to be attributable to abortion. The strongest subgroup estimates of increased risk occurred when abortion was compared with term pregnancy and when the outcomes pertained to substance use and suicidal sions this review offers the largest quantitative estimate of mental health risks associated with abortion available in the world literature. Calling into question the conclusions from traditional reviews, the results revealed a moderate to highly increased risk of mental health problems after abortion. Consistent with the tenets of evidence-based medicine, this information should inform the delivery of abortion nt studies contributed a maximum of one effect per outcome.
When authors reported more than one effect per variable based on separate analyses conducted for distinct demographic groups, or when different diagnoses were reported on within a general class such as anxiety or depression, a composite odds ratio was derived to avoid overweighting in favour of particular studies had more than one comparison group, selection rules were employed to provide more weight to comparisons wherein the control group was most closely matched to the abortion group. Specifically, if ‘unintended pregnancy delivered’ was used the results relative to this group were selected, and when only ‘pregnancy delivered’ and ‘no abortion’ comparison groups were used, the effects pertaining to the ‘pregnancy delivered’ group were situations wherein separate results were reported based on one v. Two or more abortions, the results specific to one abortion were selected to enable sampling of a more homogeneous population. When the same data-set was used by different groups, both sets of results were included when distinct samples were ated with abortion varies from 34% to 230% depending on the nature of the ad figureopen in new tabdownload powerpointfig. Finally, when ‘unintended pregnancy carried to term’ operated as the comparison group, the result was likewise statistically significant and closer to the result relative to the ‘no abortion’ comparison group (or = 1. These data indicate that regardless of the type of comparison group used, abortion is associated with an enhanced risk of experiencing mental health problems, with the magnitude of this risk ranging from 55% to 138%. Was derived using this pooled odds this table:view inlineview popuptable tion-attributable risk (par) percentages based on outcome sionbased on data extracted from 22 studies, the results of this meta-analytic review of the abortion and mental health literature indicate quite consistently that abortion is associated with moderate to highly increased risks of psychological problems subsequent to the procedure.
The magnitude of effects derived varied based on the comparison group (no abortion, pregnancy delivered, unintended pregnancy delivered) and the type of problem examined (alcohol use/misuse, marijuana use, anxiety, depression, suicidal behaviours). Overall, the results revealed that women who had undergone an abortion experienced an 81% increased risk of mental health problems, and nearly 10% of the incidence of mental health problems was shown to be directly attributable to abortion. The strongest effects were observed when women who had had an abortion were compared with women who had carried to term and when the outcomes measured substance use and suicidal behaviour. Of particular significance is the fact that all effects entered into the analyses were adjusted odds ratios with controls for numerous third finding that abortion is associated with significantly higher risks of mental health problems compared with carrying. 47 more research is needed to examine systematically the specific nature of this protective effect against suicide, to determine the extent to which the protective effect holds for unintended pregnancies delivered, and to examine possible protective effects of childbirth relative to other mental health the abortion group was compared with the no pregnancy group and with the unintended pregnancy delivered group, the magnitude of the effects was very close. This finding challenges the generally accepted belief that unintended pregnancy delivered represents the only or most appropriate control group for studies designed to explore the impact of abortion on mental health. From a practical standpoint, a no pregnancy comparison group should be considerably easier to secure than a group of women who deliver an unintended researchfuture studies should explore possible process mechanisms linking abortion to substance misuse and suicidal behaviour, since the strongest effects were detected for these variables.
Women could find it particularly difficult to reach out to others if they experience shame or guilt associated with the abortion. Consistent with the contemporary ethos of evidence-based medicine wherein effective use is made of the best available data from systematic research, firm standards should be articulated for accessing and synthesising information from the published literature for the purpose of training healthcare personnel. The results of this systematic, quantitative review cast serious doubt on the conclusions derived from the recently published traditional reviews described earlier,5–7 and suggest that there are in fact some real risks associated with abortion that should be shared with women as they are counselled prior to an abortion care professionals are responsible for educating patients in a manner that reflects the current scientific literature; however, the average practitioner does not generally have the time and expertise to study and attempt to resolve conflicting interpretations of the published research in order to extract the most reliable information. The responsibility therefore rests initially within the research community to set aside personal ideological commitments, objectively examine all high-quality published data, and conduct analyses of the literature that are based on state-of-the-art data analysis procedures, yielding readily interpretable synopses as has been attempted here. Once this goal is satisfactorily realised, professional organisations will face the challenge of developing efficient protocols for informing practitioners and for streamlining the dissemination of information to the us preventive services task force (uspstf) within the agency for healthcare research and quality, which is a division of the us department of health and human services (/clinic/3rduspstf/), has identified basic guidelines for how scientific evidence should be used to inform practice. Clinicians are advised to convey the uncertainty of evidence surrounding the service to ve benefits of abortionprocedure benefits of abortion have not been empirically established and the results of the substantial review by thorp et al described earlier in conjunction with the results of the present quantitative synthesis indicate considerable evidence documenting mental health risks. In one study by major et al,14 the average response of the study respondents reflecting their positive post-abortion emotional reactions (defined as ‘happy’, ‘pleased’ or ‘satisfied’) was 2.
The passage of time apparently did not result in more positive emotions, because 2 years after abortion the average rating dropped by a statistically significantly amount to 2. A few additional studies have addressed associations between abortion and educational attainment, income and other outcomes of this nature, which may be construed as indirect indicators of mental health;48,49 however, mental health benefits have received scant direct attention in the ns regarding the deficient positive effects literature were echoed in an editorial published in the psychiatric bulletin,50 in which fergusson questioned the legitimacy of justifying over 90% of uk abortions based on the presumption that abortion offers the benefit of reducing mental health risks associated with continuing the pregnancy. Fergusson specifically stated:Although decisions on whether to proceed with induced abortion are made on the basis of clinical assessments of the extent to which abortion poses a risk to maternal mental health, these clinical assessments are not currently supported by population-level evidence showing the provision of abortion reduces mental health risks for women having unwanted sound evidence documenting mental health benefits of abortion is available, clinicians should convey the current state of uncertainty related to benefits of abortion in addition to sharing the most accurate information pertaining to statistically validated ths and limitations of this reviewmotivated by the shortcomings of previous non-quantitative efforts to synthesise and analyse a complex literature prone to biased interpretations, i have attempted in this study to evaluate systematically a wealth of data on the topic of abortion and mental health. There is a strong need for a quantitative review of literature examining the hundreds of studies that have been conducted on samples of women who obtained abortions without inclusion of a comparison group. Another limitation of my study relates to the lack of uniformity in control variables, demographic characteristics of the samples, length of time between the procedure and the follow-up assessments, and considerable variation in how the outcomes were is encouraging to note that methodologically sophisticated studies on the topic of abortion and mental health are being published at a significantly higher rate than ever before. Researchers throughout the world are seeking to understand the experience of induced abortion more fully and are increasingly willing to take on a subject that has been shrouded in political controversy and has not received the scholarly attention it deserves. The latest example is a study based on national comorbidity survey – replication data by canadian researchers mota et al.
Statistically significant associations were observed between abortion history and a wide range of mental health problems after controlling for the experience of interpersonal violence and demographic variables. When compared with women without an abortion history, women with a prior abortion experienced a 61% increased risk of mood disorders. Abortion was further linked with a 61% increased risk of social phobia, and increased the risk of suicide ideation by 59%. In the realm of substance misuse, the abortion-related increased risks for alcohol misuse, alcohol dependence, drug misuse, drug dependence and any substance use disorder were 261%, 142%, 313%, 287% and 280% respectively. Remarksthis review was undertaken in an effort to produce an unbiased, quantitative analysis of the best available evidence addressing abortion as one risk factor among many others that may increase the likelihood of mental health problems. The composite results reported herein indicate that abortion is a statistically validated risk factor for the development of various psychological disorders. However, when the independent variable cannot be ethically manipulated, as is the case with abortion history, definitive causal conclusions are precluded from both individual studies and from a quantitative synthesis such as this one.
The effects of induced abortion on emotional experiences and relationships: a critical review of the literature. Obstet gynecol surv 2003; 58: 67–lcrossrefpubmedweb of an psychological association task force on mental health and abortion. Resolution of unwanted pregnancy during adolescence through abortion versus childbirth: individual and family predictors and consequences. Psychological responses following medical abortion (using mifepristone and gemeprost) and surgical vacuum aspiration: a patient-centered, partially randomized prospective study. In the new civil war: the psychology, culture, and politics of abortion (eds beckman lj, harvey sm): pp. Induced abortion and anxiety, mood, and substance abuse disorders: isolating the effects of abortion in the national comorbidity survey. In the handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis, 2nd edn (eds cooper h, hedges lv, valentine jc): 147–58.
History of induced abortion in relation to substance use during subsequent pregnancies carried to term. Substance use associated with prior history of abortion and unintended birth: a national cross sectional cohort study. The relationship between abortion and depression: new evidence from the fragile families and child wellbeing study. Depression and termination of pregnancy (induced abortion) in a national cohort of young australian women: the confounding effect of women’s experience of violence. Pediatrics 2006; 118: e669–labstract/free full pe, bruno zv, bezerra mf, queiroz j, oliveira cm, chen-mok m. We do not capture any email multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with are going to email the on and mental health: quantitative synthesis and analysis of research published 1995–2009. Your name) thought you would like to see this page from the the british journal of psychiatry web personal in to email alerts with your email on and mental health: quantitative synthesis and analysis of research published 1995– british journal of psychiatry sep 2011, 199 (3) 180-186; doi: 10.
On manager bookendseasybibendnote (tagged)endnote 8 (xml)medlarsmendeleypapersrefworks taggedref on and mental health: quantitative synthesis and analysis of research published 1995– british journal of psychiatry sep 2011, 199 (3) 180-186; doi: 10. Have accessrestricted on and mental health: quantitative synthesis and analysis of research published 1995– british journal of psychiatry aug 2011, 199 (3) 180-186; doi: 10.